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目的:探讨我国社区糖尿病患者生存质量情况及影响因素。方法:对2013年5月至2013年9月在浙江省余姚市社区随机抽取315例糖尿病患者进行问卷调查,调查糖尿病患者的生存质量及其影响因素。结果:糖尿病患者的生存质量得分在不同文化程度、病程及并发症发生率方面均有显著差异(P<0.05),其中大专以上学历患者的生存质量较小学及以下和中学患者明显提高(P<0.05);病程小于5年的患者的生存质量较5~10年和10年以上患者均明显提高(P<0.05);未发生并发症的患者生存质量较患有一项及以上并发症患者明显提高(P<0.05)。糖尿病患者并发症的发生率从4.19%~34.52%,主要并发症为高血压、冠心病和视网膜病变。通过对每个题目的平均得分进行比较显示,影响患者生活质量的因素从高到低分别为心理健康、生理健康、社会功能及治疗效果。结论:社区糖尿病患者的生存质量普遍偏低,提示应采用心理干预、开展健康教育等方式,有效控制血糖,预防并发症,提高患者的生存质量。
Objective: To explore the quality of life and influencing factors of diabetic patients in our community. Methods: A total of 315 diabetes patients from May 2013 to September 2013 in Yuyao, Zhejiang Province were randomly selected for questionnaire survey to investigate the quality of life and the influencing factors in patients with diabetes mellitus. Results: The quality of life scores of diabetic patients were significantly different (P <0.05) in different educational level, course of disease and complication rate, and the quality of life of patients with junior college education or above was significantly higher than that of lower secondary and lower secondary school students (P < 0.05). The quality of life of patients with disease less than 5 years was significantly higher than that of patients with 5-10 years or more than 10 years (P <0.05). The quality of life of patients without complication was significantly higher than those with one or more complications (P <0.05). The incidence of diabetic complications from 4.19% to 34.52%, the main complications of hypertension, coronary heart disease and retinopathy. Comparing the average scores of each topic shows that the factors influencing the quality of life of the patients are mental health, physical health, social function and treatment effect from high to low. Conclusion: The quality of life of community diabetic patients is generally low, suggesting that psychological interventions and health education should be taken to effectively control blood sugar, prevent complications and improve the quality of life of patients.