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负责染色体在细胞分裂时精确分离的着丝粒有时会通过一个所谓的＂着丝粒激活＂的过程而出现在染色体的一个新位置上。对Ｓ．ｐｏｍｂｅ着丝粒的特性的观察支持这一过程是一渐成性事件。对其最明显解释是由于一个先前存在的着丝粒的功能性序列成分转位造成ＤＮＡ序列的改变。第二个可能是激活一个非着丝粒的顺序。着丝粒激活对物种形成过程中核型进化起着很重要作用。弄清基因组中着丝粒在新的位点活化的机制对于在动植物中构建人工染色体、由ＤＮＡ本身组装功能性着丝粒等实际应用十分有意义。
Centromeres responsible for the exact separation of chromosomes during cell division sometimes appear at a new chromosomal location by a process called “centromere activation.” For S. The observation of the pombe centromere characteristics in support of this process is a gradual event. The most obvious explanation for this is the change in DNA sequence due to the transposition of the functional sequence components of a preexisting centromere. The second possibility is to activate a non-centromeric sequence. Centromere activation plays a very important role in the evolution of karyotype during species formation. Understanding the mechanisms by which the centromere activates in new loci in the genome is of great interest in the practical application of constructing artificial chromosomes in plants and animals and assembling functional centromeres from the DNA itself.