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结合长湖申航道湖州段板桩加固护岸实体工程,在板桩预制过程中将土压力计埋入板桩侧面,底板施工时将土压力计埋入底板下,测试了在板桩混凝土凝固硬化过程中土压力计的受力情况、护岸荷载下板桩桩身两侧土压力的分布规律及护岸底板下土压力分布规律。试验结果表明,混凝土凝固硬化过程对埋入板桩两侧的土压力计会产生较大拉压应力并逐步趋于稳定,板桩两侧土压力及底板下土压力受施工荷载的影响在沉桩及底板施工初期存在较大调整并逐步趋于稳定;板桩靠岸侧和临水侧土压力分布存在明显差别,靠岸侧主动土压力分布呈现先增大后减小、然后增大的非线性分布规律,临水侧被动土压力基本呈线性分布。《板桩码头设计与施工规范》[1]中推荐的土压力计算方法计算靠岸侧主动土压力和临水侧被动土压力标准值均较实测值小,基本呈现随着深度的增加差别逐渐增大的规律;在护岸荷载作用下底板下土压力呈现两端大中间小的抛物线分布规律。
According to the physical engineering of bank protection of Huzhou section of Huzhou section of Changhu Lake, the earth pressure gauge is buried in the side of sheet pile during the precasting of sheet piles. The earth pressure gauge is buried under the floor during the construction of the bottom plate. Earth pressure gauge in the process of stress conditions, the revetment load on both sides of the earth pressure distribution law and earth pressure under the law of revetment floor distribution. The test results show that the concrete solidification and hardening process will produce large tension and compression stress and gradually stabilize on the earth pressure gauges embedded on both sides of the sheet pile. The earth pressure on both sides of the sheet pile and earth pressure under the floor are affected by the construction load. There is a big adjustment in the initial stage of piles and floor construction and tends to be stable gradually. The distribution of earth pressure on the beachside and the waterfront of the sheet piles is obviously different, and the distribution of active earth pressure increases first and then decreases and then increases Non-linear distribution law, passive water pressure on the water side of the basic linear distribution. The calculation method of earth pressure recommended in “Design and Construction Specification of Piled Wharf” [1] is lower than the actual value for calculating the active earth pressure on the coast and the passive earth pressure on the water side, and basically shows a gradual difference as the depth increases Under the action of revetment load, the earth pressure under the floor presents a small parabola distribution law at both ends.