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戊戌變法是在十九世纪末,中國民族危機空前嚴重的情况下產生的資產階級改良運動。在戊戌變法前約六十年,資本主义的英國對中國發動了鴉片戰爭,強迫清朝政府簽訂了第一個不平等條約——南京條約。從那時起,西方各帝國主義又連續採用戰爭、誑詐等手段,從清朝政府勒索了一系列的特權,使中國逐漸淪為半殖民地。到十九世紀末,世界資本主義已經進入帝國主義階段,對中國的侵略也更为加緊。一八九四—一八九五年,日本帝國主義在美、英帝國主義的支持下,又發動了新的侵略戰爭,從中國勒索到更多的權利和土地。從此,各個帝國主義在中國展開了爭奪殖民地的新的侵略競赛,中國遭受到時刻有被瓜分的嚴重民族危機。廣大的中國人民對外國帝國主義的這種空前侵略狂潮,展開了廣泛的反抗鬥爭。
The Reform Movement of 1898 was a bourgeois reformist movement that came into being at an unprecedentedly serious crisis in the Chinese nation in the late nineteenth century. About sixty years before the Reform Movement of 1898, the capitalist British war on China launched the Opium War, forcing the Qing government to sign the first unequal treaty, the Nanjing Treaty. Since then, Western imperialists continued to use means such as war and fraud to extort a series of privileges from the Qing government and gradually turn China into a semi-colonial one. By the end of the nineteenth century, world capitalism had already entered the stage of imperialism and its invasion of China was even more intensified. From 1894 to 1895, with the support of the United States and British imperialism, the Japanese imperialists launched a new war of aggression and extorted more power and land from China. Since then, various imperialists have started a new aggressive competition in China for colonies, and China has suffered from serious ethnic crises momentarily divided up. The vast number of Chinese people fought this unprecedented wave of aggression against foreign imperialism and launched a broad-scale resistance struggle.