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目的掌握阿拉山口口岸城区鼠、蚤密度、种群构成、季节消长规律等,为鼠疫防制提供依据。方法2006年4月~2007年3月采用夹夜法对口岸鼠情进行监测,并利用微量血凝法检测F1抗体及抗原。结果通过1年的调查,在城区布放有效板夹6 845个,捕获鼠形动物290只,鼠密度为4.2%,居民生活区高于作业区(P<0.01),经过鉴定隶属2目4科6属6种,优势种为褐家鼠和小家属,分别占41.3%和34.3%;从口岸城区捕获鼠体表采集蚤288只,隶属3科5属6种;捕获鼠平均染蚤率为13.5%,总蚤指数为1.0,其中褐家鼠的染蚤率和印鼠客蚤指数分别为22.5%和2.4;共检测鼠血清52份,鼠脏器材料86份,结果均为阴性。结论新疆阿拉山口口岸灭鼠灭蚤工作应把重点放在居民区,同时兼顾作业区;加强对城区褐家鼠和印鼠客蚤的监测和控制;密切关注口岸郊区的鼠、蚤情况,这对疫情的早发现、早控制具有现实意义。
Objective To understand the density of rat and flea in Alashankou Port, the population structure and the law of seasonal fluctuation, so as to provide basis for the prevention of plague. Methods From April 2006 to March 2007, the climacteric method was used to monitor port rodent and F1 antibody and antigen were detected by micro coagulation method. Results A one-year survey showed that 6 845 plate clippers were placed in the urban area, and 290 rat-shaped animals were captured. The rat density was 4.2%, and the residential area was higher than that of the operating area (P <0.01) And 6 genera and 6 families, dominant species were Rattus norvegicus and pedigree, accounting for 41.3% and 34.3% respectively; 288 fleas were captured from the port area of the port city, belonging to 6 genera, 3 families, 5 genera; Was 13.5%. The total flea index was 1.0. Among them, the rate of stained flea and the flea index were 22.5% and 2.4, respectively; Conclusion The anti-rat and flea-killing work at Alashankou Port in Xinjiang should focus on the residential area, taking into account the work area at the same time; strengthen the monitoring and control of Rattus norvegicus and Siphonaptera flea in the urban area; pay close attention to the situation of rats and fleas in the suburbs of the port; Early detection of the epidemic, early control has practical significance.