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纤维支气管镜纤细、易曲、可于床边直视下进行。问世以来已广泛应用于临床。各种慢性呼吸系统的病变,肺功能已严重受损,当气道阻塞突然加重时可于短期内伴发严重Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭,PaCo_2可升至7.98～10.6KP9,PsO_2可低于3.99～5.32KPa。病情迅速恶化处于濒危状态。盲目吸引不能解除广泛下部梗阻,纤维支气管镜可进入下级气道,在直视下灌洗、吸痰、给药。对于感染致分泌物阻塞的哮喘持续状态、大咯血、异物等可迅速缓解梗阻。纤维支气管镜管理气道可达吸痰彻底、局部抗菌素充足的目的,对于控制肺内感染效果甚佳。我科曾用此法成功抢救了一位重症肺心病因痰液阻塞、盲目吸引不利、气道阻塞伴发严重Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭、肺性脑病患者,介绍如下:
Fiber bronchoscopy slender, easy song, can be carried out under bedside direct vision. Has been widely used in clinical since its inception. A variety of chronic respiratory diseases, lung function has been severely impaired, sudden increase in airway obstruction may be associated with severe type Ⅱ respiratory failure in the short term, PaCo_2 can rise to 7.98 ~ 10.6KP9, PsO_2 can be less than 3.99 ~ 5.32 KPa. Rapid deterioration of the condition is endangered. Blinding can not lift the general obstruction lower, bronchoscopy can enter the lower airway, lavage under direct vision, suction, administration. For infection caused by persistent obstruction of asthma, hemoptysis, foreign body can quickly relieve obstruction. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy airway up to complete suction, adequate local antibiotic purposes, for the control of pulmonary infection is very good. Our department has successfully used this method to rescue a severe pulmonary heart disease caused by sputum obstruction, blindly attract negative airway obstruction with severe type Ⅱ respiratory failure, pulmonary encephalopathy patients are described below: