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目的探索6～19岁人群的传染病流行特征,为学校传染病控制提供依据。方法收集国家传染病报告管理信息系统中泰州市2007-2011年6～19岁人群新发传染病病例报告,采用描述性流行病学方法分析传染病发病的特征。结果 2007-2011年共报告传染病8 657例,其中男性5 377例(62.1%),女性3 280例(37.9%)。年均报告例数100例以上疾病为水痘、流行性腮腺炎、手足口病、肺结核和流行性感冒,报告共计占70.5%。2007-2011年总传染病发病率(不包含手足口病)分别为200.8/10万2、13.3/10万1、89.6/10万1、49.7/10万、233.1/10万。其中6～7岁、8～9岁、10～11岁报告传染病主要为水痘、流行性腮腺炎、手足口病、流行性感冒,占全部报告的82.9%～84.4%;12～14岁主要为水痘、流行性腮腺炎、流行性感冒,占全部报告的74.0%;15～17岁主要为水痘、肺结核和乙肝,占全部报告的61.1%;18～19岁组性病、肺结核、乙肝、水痘为突出传染病,占全部报告的76.5%。6～17岁人群发病月份特点明显,每年2月和8月传染病低发5,月和6月为高峰期。结论 2007-2011年泰州市6～19岁人群传染病流行势态比较平稳,男性较女性、低龄组较高龄组发病水平高。水痘、流行性腮腺炎和流行性感冒是学生重点预防的传染病。学校应在疾控机构的指导下结合不同年龄组学生传染病发病特点,做好防控工作。
Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in 6 ~ 19-year-old population and provide evidence for the control of infectious diseases in schools. Methods To collect the latest case reports of infectious diseases among the population aged 6 to 19 years in Taizhou from 2007 to 2011 in the national infectious disease report management information system and to analyze the characteristics of infectious diseases using descriptive epidemiological methods. Results A total of 8 657 infectious diseases were reported in 2007-2011, including 5 377 (62.1%) males and 3380 (37.9%) females. The average number of reported cases per year is varicella, mumps, hand-foot-mouth disease, tuberculosis and influenza, accounting for 70.5% of the total. The total incidence of infectious diseases (excluding hand-foot-mouth disease) in 2007-2011 was 200.8 / 102,200,13.3 / 100,000,189.6 / 100,449.7 / 100,000 and 233.1 / 100,000, respectively. Among them, the reported infectious diseases of 6-7 years, 8-9 years and 10-11 years were mainly chickenpox, mumps, hand-foot-mouth disease and influenza, accounting for 82.9% ~ 84.4% of the total reported; For varicella, mumps and influenza, accounting for 74.0% of all reports; chickenpox, tuberculosis and hepatitis B accounted for 61.1% of all reported cases aged 15 to 17 years; STDs, tuberculosis, hepatitis B and chickenpox To highlight communicable diseases, accounting for 76.5% of all reports. 6 to 17-year-olds onset of the month obvious characteristics of each year in February and August low incidence of infectious diseases 5, month and June as the peak. Conclusion The epidemic situation of infectious diseases in 6 ~ 19 years old population in Taizhou from 2007 to 2011 was relatively stable. The prevalence of infectious diseases in male was higher than that in female and younger age groups. Chickenpox, mumps and influenza are major infectious diseases that students focus on. Schools should be under the guidance of CDC combined with the incidence of infectious diseases in different age groups, do a good job of prevention and control work.