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单刃切削孔加工刀具(如单刃枪钻和单刃铰刀)的最大特点是切入工件后能自行导向,能加工出高精度的孔,近年来在生产中的应用越来越广泛,但这种刀具的切削刃成单边配置,当刀具的导向块未进入已加工孔时,刀具的导向要另外设置导向套或预制导向孔来解决。而采用导向套会使刀具的行程长度增加,并使排屑困难;预制导向孔还将增加工步,且导向孔加工麻烦。为了解决上述问题,苏联新近推出一种在六角车床上可供单刃切削孔加工刀具导向用的摆动式通用导向装置(苏联发明证书1234063),如图所示。该装置是由本体10、带定位元件4的V形块5和摆动支架8等零件组成。支架8能围绕销钉1的轴线回转90°,销钉轴线配置在通过定位元件4的一个端平面内。钻孔时,将刀具放置在定位元件4上,并用螺钉6和7调整V形块5,使刀具轴线与工件回转轴线同轴。弹簧2和垫块3可使摆动支架8保持在
Single-edged cutting hole machining tools (such as single-edged guns and single-edged reamer) is the most prominent feature after cutting into the workpiece can be self-oriented, can produce high-precision holes, in recent years in production more widely, but The cutter cutting edge into a single configuration, when the tool guide block does not enter the machined hole, the tool guide to be set separately guide sleeve or prefabricated guide hole to solve. The use of guide sleeve will increase the length of the tool stroke, and make chip evacuation; prefabricated pilot hole will also increase the work step, and guide hole machining trouble. In order to solve the above problems, the Soviet Union recently introduced an oscillating universal guide (Soviet invention certificate 1234063) for guiding a single-edged cutting tool in a hexagonal lathe, as shown in the figure. The device is composed of a body 10, a V-shaped block 5 with a positioning element 4 and a swing bracket 8 and other components. The support 8 can be turned 90 ° about the axis of the pin 1, the pin axis being arranged in one end plane passing through the positioning element 4. When drilling, place the tool on the positioning element 4 and adjust the V-block 5 with screws 6 and 7 so that the tool axis is coaxial with the axis of rotation of the workpiece. The spring 2 and the spacer 3 hold the swing bracket 8 in place