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资本主义发展史既是一部科技进步史,也是一部经济危机史。科技进步与经济危机在发生时间、所涉及产业范围和领域范围等方面都具有耦合性。深入研究科技进步在经济危机中的作用,可以发现科技进步对经济危机具有双重作用:一方面,科技进步在促进生产力巨大发展的同时,激化了资本主义的基本矛盾,导致相对生产过剩,从而促使经济危机爆发;另一方面,科技进步不仅使得固定资本的投入增加,而且增强了各国对市场经济运行的预测力以及企业对市场反应的灵敏度,促进产业结构的调整,从而缓和了经济危机的破坏程度。
The history of capitalism is not only a history of scientific and technological progress, but also a history of economic crisis. The progress of science and technology and the economic crisis are coupled at the time of occurrence, the industrial scope and the scope of the field involved. In-depth study of the role of scientific and technological progress in the economic crisis can show that scientific and technological progress has a dual role in the economic crisis. On the one hand, scientific and technological progress has stimulated the fundamental contradictions of capitalism and led to relative overproduction, thus contributing to the economic crisis On the other hand, the progress of science and technology not only increased the input of fixed capital, but also enhanced the predictive power of all countries in the operation of the market economy and the sensitivity of the enterprises to the market reaction so as to promote the adjustment of the industrial structure and alleviate the extent of the economic crisis.