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目的了解云南鹤庆县高原山区血吸虫病流行区居民的血防健康素养水平。方法在鹤庆县金墩乡高原峡谷型血吸虫病流行区西甸和磨光2个行政村,采用随机抽样的方法抽取6~65岁居民开展问卷调查,了解其掌握血防知识、防治态度、防治行为的水平和程度。同时对调查对象采用间接血凝试验(IHA)进行检查,了解其血吸虫感染情况。结果西甸行政村2013年尚有钉螺面积5.6万m2,钉螺分布相对广泛;磨光行政村2013年尚有钉螺面积0.85万m2,钉螺分布相对局限,两村2013年均无血吸虫病患者、病畜。在血吸虫病防治知识、防治行为和防治态度的回答中,防治知识正确率为40.53%~89.81%,防治行为的正确率为39.81%~88.35%,防治态度的正确率为55.34%~80.34%,不同村别、年龄、性别、职业人群的正确人数存在一定程度的差别,不同村别、年龄、职业人群中曾有血吸虫病病史人数和间接血凝(IHA)阳性人数占调查人数的比例也同样存在一定程度的差别。结论云南省鹤庆县高原山区血吸虫病流行区居民的血防健康素养差别较大,在今后的健康教育过程中,要进一步把握目标人群特点,针对不同的原因和情况,探索不同的教育策略,才能逐步强化流行区干部群众的血防意识,有效控制血吸虫病的传播和流行。
Objective To understand the status of blood health education of residents in schistosomiasis prevalence area in Heqing plateau mountainous area of Yunnan. Methods A total of 626 residents aged 6 ~ 65 were selected from two administrative villages in Xidian County and Shuangguang County, the prevalence area of the canyon-type schistosomiasis in Jindun Township, Heqing County. The questionnaires were used to investigate their knowledge of blood-borne disease, attitude of prevention and treatment The level and extent of behavior. At the same time, the subjects were examined by indirect hemagglutination test (IHA) to understand their schistosomiasis infection. Results There was snail snail area of 56,000 m2 in 2013 in Xidian Administrative Village with a relatively wide distribution of snails. In 2013, there was still snail snail area of 08,500 m2 in Polishing Administrative Village, with relatively limited snail distribution. In 2013, none of the two villages had schistosomiasis, livestock. In the answer of schistosomiasis control knowledge, prevention behavior and prevention attitude, the correct rate of prevention and cure was 40.53% ~ 89.81%, the correct rate of prevention and cure was 39.81% ~ 88.35%, and the correct rate of prevention and control was 55.34% ~ 80.34% There is a certain degree of difference between the correct number of different village groups, age, gender and occupational population. The same number of cases of history of schistosomiasis and indirect hemagglutination (IHA) in different villages, ages and occupational groups also share the same number of surveyed persons There is a certain degree of difference. Conclusions Residents in the endemic areas of schistosomiasis endemic to Heqing plateau mountainous area in Yunnan Province have great differences in their blood-borne health literacy. In the future course of health education, we should further grasp the characteristics of the target population, explore different reasons and circumstances, explore different education strategies, We will gradually strengthen the awareness of blood-prevention among cadres and people in endemic areas and effectively control the spread and prevalence of schistosomiasis.