一 引言 为了发展水稻生产,除兴修水利、增施肥料外,发展水稻地区的农業机械化是一个十分重要的环节。例如,水稻生产中的犂地、整田、移植、中耕、收割以及脫粒都需要一套效率較高的新式农具。关于动力問題,除充分利用畜力外,拖拉机下水田也是一項急待解决的課題。目前水稻插秧机、水田拖拉机的試驗都已获得初步成功。在这些課題的試驗研究中,必然牽涉到水稻土的承载能力和沉陷問題,水稻土对水田农業机械的“滑板”、鏈軌 I. INTRODUCTION In order to develop rice production, the development of agricultural mechanization in paddy areas is an important link in addition to water conservancy and fertilization. For example, plowing, whole fields, transplanting, cultivating, harvesting and threshing in rice production all require a new set of more efficient agricultural tools. As for the motive force, in addition to making full use of animal power, tractor launching paddy fields is also an urgent issue to be solved. The current rice transplanter, paddy field tractor trials have achieved initial success. In the pilot study of these topics, it is bound to involve the carrying capacity and subsidence of paddy soil, paddy soil on the paddy farm machinery “skateboarding”, the link