尸体肾移植术后急性排斥反应最常发生于移植后6个月内,发生率可达30%～80%。急性排斥反应的发生与多种因素有关,包括人类白细胞抗原(ＨＬＡ)错配、受体的免疫状态以及免疫抑制剂的应用等。早期急性排斥反应影响移植肾的长期存活[1,2]。20世纪80年代以来,虽然环孢素Ａ(ＣｓＡ)的 Acute rejection after cadaveric renal transplantation occurs most frequently within 6 months after transplantation, with an incidence of 30% to 80%. The occurrence of acute rejection is related to many factors, including HLA mismatch, the immune status of the recipient and the use of immunosuppressive agents. Early acute rejection affects long-term graft survival [1,2]. Since the 1980s, although cyclosporine A (CsA)