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对山西省62个主要耕作土壤种类、耕层土壤肥力现状进行了调查分析,并与第二次土壤普查情况进行比较,结果表明,依据山西省耕地土壤养分分级标准评价,有效磷属2级水平,有机质、有效钾、阳离子代换量属3级水平,全氮属4级水平;与第二次土壤普查情况相比,除有效钾呈下降状态外,有机质、全氮、有效磷、阳离子代换量均呈上升状态。说明山西省耕作土壤肥力与土壤普查时相比有大幅度的提高,但是存在养分间发展不平衡现象。为此,提出增施有机肥、大力实施测土配方施肥及秸秆还田技术等相应的培肥对策,以达到土壤养分平衡发展,保证农作物持续优质、高产、稳产。
Shanxi Province, 62 major cultivated soil types, soil fertility status of the survey were conducted and compared with the second soil census, the results show that, according to the evaluation of cultivated land in Shanxi Province soil nutrient classification criteria, effective phosphorus is Level 2 , Organic matter, available potassium and cation substitution were in the third grade and total nitrogen was in the fourth grade. Compared with the second soil survey, in addition to the decline of available potassium, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and cation Change in volume were up. The results showed that the tillage soil fertility in Shanxi Province increased significantly compared with the soil census, but there was an imbalance in the development of nutrients. Therefore, it is proposed to increase organic fertilizers and vigorously implement the corresponding fertilizing measures such as soil testing and fertilizer application and straw returning technology so as to achieve the balanced development of soil nutrients and ensure the continuous high quality, high yield and stable yield of crops.