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Objective To study whether liver cirrhosis associated with Helicopacter pylori (H. pylori)infection will induce increased serum ammonia and whether the peripheral serum ammonia reflects the level of portal vein serum ammonia.rnMethods Blood was taken from the portal vein and the cubital vein in cirrhotic patients with and without H.pylori infection and non-cirrhotic patients (splenic rupiure) with and without H. pylori infection, and the serum ammonia was measured.rnResults The mean levels of serum ammonia in the group of cirrhotic patients with H. pylori infection were 167.82±8.97 μmol/L (pertal vein) and 142.2±13.35 μmol/L (cubital vein). They were increased significantly as compared with cirrhotic patients without H.pyiori infection(47.68±12.03 μmol/L portal vein and 37.23±7.04 μmol/L cubital vein),and also compared with the groups of splenic rupture patients with and without H. pylori infection (P＜0.0t).There was no significant difference between the serum ammonia level of the cubital vein and pertal vein(P＞0.05).rnConclusions H.pylori intection can induce an increase in serum ammonia in patients with liver dysfunction,and the peripheral serum ammonia measurement may replace the portal vein serum ammania as a monitoring method. Eradication of H.pylori in cirrhotic patients may prevent hepatic encephalopathy(HE).