一、企业与环境每个企业尽管千差万别、各具特色,但在市场经济体制下,都有一个所处环境问题,或合同环境,或非合同环境,或两者兼而有之。合同环境是指供需双方签定合同(或建立某种形式的契约关系),并在合同中规定了对供方的质量保证要求。非合同环境是指供需双方没有签定合同(或无任何形式的契约关系),或在合同中没有规定对供方的质量保证要求。 I. Businesses and the Environment Although each enterprise is different and has its own characteristics, under the market economic system, there is an environmental problem, a contractual environment, or a non-contractual environment, or both. The contract environment refers to the signing of a contract between the supplier and the buyer (or the establishment of a contractual relationship of some kind), and specifies the quality assurance requirements for the supplier in the contract. Non-contractual environment means that the supply and demand parties have not signed a contract (or no form of contractual relationship), or there is no requirement in the contract for the supplier’s quality assurance.