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[目的]分析陕西省长武县王东沟流域9个径流小区不同植被覆盖条件对土壤理化性质的影响,为黄土高原生态建设提供科技支持。[方法]采用环刀法、定水头法以及重铬酸钾外加热法等分层测定0—40cm间土壤容重、毛管持水量、饱和持水量、饱和倒水率以及有机质含量。[结果]饱和持水量、毛管持水量、土壤有机质表现为草、灌地显著优于纯林和混交林,而土壤容重、饱和导水率各小区间差异不显著。[结论]草地和沙棘灌木林地土壤理化性质高于其他植被组合,培肥土壤,涵养水源,利于保水保土。侧柏纯林的土壤理化性质最差,水保效益最低。
[Objective] The research aimed to analyze the influence of different vegetation cover conditions on soil physical and chemical properties in 9 runoff plots in Wangdonggou watershed, Changwu County, Shaanxi Province, and provide scientific and technological support for the ecological construction of the Loess Plateau. [Method] The soil bulk density, capillary holding capacity, saturated water holding capacity, saturated water pouring rate and organic matter content between 0 and 40 cm were determined by ring cutter method, fixed head method and external heating method of potassium dichromate. [Result] Saturated water holding capacity and capillary water holding capacity showed that soil organic matter was grass and irrigation was significantly better than pure forest and mixed forest. However, there was no significant difference in soil bulk density and saturated hydraulic conductivity in all plots. [Conclusion] The physical and chemical properties of grassland and seabuckthorn shrub land were higher than those of other vegetation combinations, fertilizing the soil and conserving water, which was good for water and soil conservation. The pure soil of Arborvitae has the worst physical and chemical properties and the lowest benefit of soil and water conservation.