在世界范围内的经济变革中,发展中国家正在掀起从严格的具有毁灭性的贸易保护主义走向贸易自由化的热潮。如拉美国家的墨西哥、智利、阿根廷、巴西,亚洲的韩国、土耳其,非洲的加纳、波茨瓦纳等。这种自由化热潮源于以下原因:①反政府主义。80年代,一个国家的贸易保护被看作是过份的政府干预行为的表现。当然,双边贸易机制的形成并不总是民主社会的孪生姊妹。②贫乏的经济业绩。许多发展中国家面临着经济不振和日益衰退的趋势。其中许多原因可从造成债务危机和恶性通货膨胀的民粹主义的宏观经济政策中找到 In the worldwide economic transformation, developing countries are setting off a boom from strict destructive trade protectionism to trade liberalization. Such as Latin American countries, Mexico, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Asia, South Korea, Turkey, Africa, Ghana, Botswana and so on. This upsurge of liberalization stems from the following reasons: ① anti-government. In the 1980s, a country’s trade protection was seen as a manifestation of excessive government intervention. Of course, the formation of bilateral trade mechanisms is not always the twin sisters of a democratic society. ② poor economic performance. Many developing countries are facing a downturn and a downturn. Many of these can be found in populist macroeconomic policies that create the debt crisis and hyperinflation