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《论住宅问题》是100多年前恩格斯(Friedrich Engels)为驳斥当时蒲鲁东主义者的错误观点而写的三篇文章。文章的背景是:德国迅速发展的工业革命导致像“急性病”一样的住房缺乏现象,居住条件迅速恶化,于是各种社会庸医乘机而出,其中蒲鲁东主义者提出应给每个工人一幢归他所有的小房子,以此作为工人运动的奋斗目标。应李卜克内西之约,恩格斯在1872年5月至1873年1月间写了“蒲鲁东怎样解决住宅问题”、“资产阶级怎样解决住宅问题”和“再论蒲鲁东和住宅问题”三篇论战性文章,并从正面论述了应当如何正确解决工人阶级的经济要求,包括解决住宅缺乏的问题。这三篇论文在《人民国家报》上发表后,又曾于1872年至1873年以三个分册在莱比锡出版。1887年,当这三篇论文再次结集出版时,书名定为《论住宅问题》,恩格斯对文章作了一些修改和补充,并写了再版序言。百年后重读《论住宅问题》,温故知新,希望能对正确认识我国当前面临的城乡住房发展道路有所补益。现在呈现给读者的,是编辑部约请叶裕民教授从《马克思恩格斯选集》(第三卷)(人民出版社1995年版)中节选出来的一些片段,文章的标题是编者自行拟定的。
The issue of housing is more than 100 years old, written by Friedrich Engels in a refutation of the erroneous view of the Proudhonists at the time. The background of the article is: The rapid industrial revolution in Germany led to the same housing shortage as “acute illness” and the rapid deterioration of living conditions. Various socialists therefore took the opportunity and the Proudhonists proposed that one should be given to each worker All his small houses, as the goal of the workers’ movement. At Liebknecht’s covenant, Engels wrote in May 1872 to January 1873: “How does Proudhon solve the dwelling house problem?”, “How does the bourgeoisie solve the dwelling house problem?” And “ Residential issues ”three controversial articles, and from a positive discussion of how to correct the economic requirements of the working class, including the solution to the problem of lack of housing. The three essays, published in the People’s Daily, were published in three volumes in Leipzig from 1872 to 1873. In 1887, when these three essays were again published, the title of the book was titled “On the Residential Issue,” and Engels made some changes and additions to the essay and wrote a preface to the reprint. One hundred years later reread “on the issue of housing”, so as to learn new things, hoping to correctly understand the current urban and rural areas in our country housing development has some benefits. Now presented to the reader, the editorial department invited Professor Ye Yumin from the “Selected Works of Marx and Engels” (Volume III) (People’s Publishing House 1995 edition) selected some of the sections, the title of the article is prepared by the editor.