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【目的】了解出生缺陷在6岁以下儿童中的现患情况及对生长发育的影响。【方法】对全区2002~2007年间活产儿和健康管理中发现并上报的出生缺陷病例共519例进行调查分析,同时对参加儿童系统管理的307例出生缺陷儿的生长发育水平、贫血、反复上呼吸道感染发生率与正常儿童进行1∶1配对分析。【结果】出生缺陷发生率年均约17.56‰,由2002年的12.61‰上升至2007年的21.36‰,呈逐年上升趋势;分类以先天性心脏病最多见,达49.9%。缺陷儿死亡率18.1%;现存儿童与配对儿童比较,其体格生长发育低下,感染性和营养性疾病发生率显著升高(P<0.01)。【结论】出生缺陷儿童的生存质量较差,应制定相应的体弱儿管理方案,提高三级预防管理水平。
【Objective】 To understand the prevalence of birth defects in children under 6 years of age and its impact on growth and development. 【Methods】 A total of 519 cases of birth defects detected and reported in live births and health management in 2002-2007 were investigated and analyzed. The growth and development of 307 cases of birth defects, anemia, repeated The prevalence of upper respiratory tract infection was 1: 1 paired with normal children. 【Results】 The average annual incidence of birth defects was about 17.56 ‰, rising from 12.61 ‰ in 2002 to 21.36 ‰ in 2007, showing an increasing trend year by year. The most common type of congenital heart disease was 49.9%. Defective child mortality rate was 18.1%. Compared with matched children, the existing children had poor growth and decreased the incidence of infectious and nutritional diseases (P <0.01). 【Conclusion】 The quality of life of children with birth defects is poor. Corresponding measures for management of infants should be developed to improve the level of prevention and control.