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目的:通过分子流行病学调查银川地区婴幼儿轮状病毒性腹泻的病原学特点和临床相关性分析。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)及逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法对银川地区2009年7月～2010年6月收集的256例婴幼儿腹泻粪便标本进行轮状病毒(RV)检测。结果:在256例标本中应用ELISA法检测RV阳性率为60.2%(154/256),RT-PCR法阳性率为53.9%(138/256);其中G2型55份(39.9%)、G3型42份(30.4%)、未能分型26份(18.8%),不同G型混合感染8份(5.8%),G1型7份(5.1%),未发现G4和G9型。对标本进行P分型,P[4]基因型62份(44.9%),未能分型40份(29%),P[8]基因型36份(26.1%),无混合感染,未发现P[6]、P[9]、P[10]型。RV G型与P型的关系主要为P[4]G2、P[8]G3。结论:HRV是银川地区婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的最主要病原,临床症状重于非HRV腹泻。
Objective: To investigate the etiological characteristics and clinical correlation of rotavirus diarrhea in infants and young children in Yinchuan through molecular epidemiology. Methods: 256 cases of diarrhea stool samples collected from July 2009 to June 2010 in Yinchuan were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) (RV) test. Results: The positive rate of RV was 60.2% (154/256) in ELISA and the positive rate of RT-PCR was 53.9% (138/256) in 256 samples. The positive rate of RV in G2 was 55.9% (39.9%), G3 42 (30.4%), 26 (18.8%) failed to type, 8 (5.8%) different G mixed infections, and 7 (5.1%) G1. No G4 and G9 were found. There were 62 cases (44.9%) of P [4] genotypes, 40 cases (29%) failed to genotype and 36 cases (26.1%) of P [8] genotypes without mixed infection. P [6], P [9], P [10] type. RV G-type and P-type relationship is mainly P [4] G2, P [8] G3. Conclusion: HRV is the most important pathogen of infantile viral diarrhea in Yinchuan, and clinical symptoms are more severe than non-HRV diarrhea.