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科学史不是一门静止不变的学科。描述科学的过去和研究科学思想的演化的方法是众多的。这也许还没有为人们所充分理解。那么,今天的情况究竟怎样呢?在60年代,曾发生过一场研究风气的剧变,但是在目前阶段似乎得到较好的组织,注意把科学的过去置于有着各种不同智力背景的调查研究者的交叉火力之下。其明显特点是各活跃学派的出现以及协作研究的优势。显然,也有争议和辩论,但必须指出,科学遗产仍是一处未完竣的工地。本文旨在为《影响》就科学史题连载两期有关各类文章作一引言,解释了用于描述一种内涵较为丰富的境况(但绝非详尽无遗)的观点。
History of science is not a static discipline. There are many ways to describe the evolution of the scientific past and the study of scientific thought. This may not yet be fully understood by people. So what happened today? In the 1960s, there was a drastic change in research ethos, but at this stage it seems that organizations are better organized, paying attention to placing the scientific past in surveys with different intellectual backgrounds Under the crossfire. Its obvious characteristic is the emergence of various active schools and the advantages of collaborative research. Obviously, there are also disputes and debates, but it must be pointed out that the scientific heritage is still an unfinished site. The purpose of this article is to provide an introduction to the series of two articles on the history of science in the “Impact” series, explaining the viewpoints used to describe, but not exhaustively, a more connotative context.