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目的探讨小儿热性惊厥(Febrile seizures,FS)临床特征、相关高危因素、预后及预防,为热性惊厥的治疗及预防提供临床经验。方法对165例首次发作热性惊厥患儿的初发年龄、性别、发作时体温、发作类型、家族史、原发疾病、脑电图改变、转归及预后进行分析。结果热性惊厥与神经系统发育不完善有关,原发病主要为急性上呼吸道感染,占70.5%,初发体温≥38.5℃者占84.6%,有惊厥家族史者占31.5%。结论上呼吸道感染是引起FS的常见病因;热性惊厥患儿多为良性经过,预后良好;FS复发率高,与初发年龄、惊厥持续时间、发生惊厥时间、惊厥家族史密切相关。
Objective To investigate the clinical features, related risk factors, prognosis and prevention of Febrile seizures in children and provide clinical experience for the treatment and prevention of febrile seizures. Methods The onset age, gender, body temperature at onset, type of attack, family history, primary disease, EEG changes, outcome and prognosis were analyzed in 165 children with first episode of febrile seizures. Results The febrile seizures were related to the development of the nervous system. The primary disease was mainly acute upper respiratory tract infection, accounting for 70.5% of all cases. The initial onset of fever ≥38.5 ° C accounted for 84.6% and the family history of convulsions accounted for 31.5%. Conclusions Upper respiratory tract infection is a common cause of FS. Most children with febrile seizures are benign and have a good prognosis. The recurrence rate of FS is high, which is closely related to the age at onset, the duration of seizure, the time of seizure and the family history of seizure.