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中国封建社会进入到东晋南朝时期,货币经济虽然走出了它的低谷时期,得以舒展,但仍呈现为一条时有起伏、曲折向上的轨迹。这主要因为它除了受到当时社会经济发展总趋势的影响之外,还直接受到时代特征的制约,致使东晋南朝的货币经济表现出既不同于前代秦汉,又不同于后代隋唐的特殊面貌。东晋南朝五个朝代,除了具备中国封建社会所应有的一般特征外,更表现了以下两个方面的特殊性:其一,东晋南朝虽处于中国历史的分裂时期,但从其相互衍接的五个朝代来看,中国封建社会的专制集权体制,并未因分裂而中止,相反却得以继承和发展。其二,在当时的经济制度中,最大的特点是大土地占有和小土地占有长期共存,并与五个朝代相始终。这是它与前代不同的一个重要方面。本文意在从这两个时代特征出发,对东晋南朝货币经济特点作一分析,从而寻找其中历史的必然。
Although the Chinese feudal society entered the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties, although the monetary economy was out of its trough period and was able to stretch, it still appeared as a time-consuming and tortuous track. This is mainly because, besides being influenced by the prevailing trend of social and economic development at that time, it was directly constrained by the characteristics of the times. As a result, the monetary economy of the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties showed a special appearance different from that of the former Qin and Han dynasties and the later generations of the Sui and Tang dynasties. The five dynasties of Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties not only possessed the general characteristics that Chinese feudal society deserved, but also demonstrated the particularity of the following two aspects: First, although the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties were in the period of splitting Chinese history, In the five dynasties, the autocratic and centralized system of feudal society in China did not stop because of division, on the contrary, it inherited and developed. Second, the most prominent feature of the then economic system was the long-term coexistence of large land possession and small land possession, which continued from the five dynasties. This is an important aspect that differs from its predecessors. This article intends to proceed from the characteristics of these two times and analyze the characteristics of monetary economy in the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties in order to find out the inevitability of history.