在爱国主义的理解和认识上,一方面要继承古代的优良传统,另一方面要理清爱国主义的古今的区别和转化。只有这样,才能更好地进行爱国主义教育,发挥爱国主义对民族精神的凝聚作用和核心地位。本文从统一的多民族国家和民族英雄、古代的忠孝与王朝、国家的关系以及历史叙述和民族记忆方面来阐述这个问题。 On the understanding and understanding of patriotism, on the one hand, we should inherit the fine traditions of the ancient times and on the other hand, we should sort out the ancient and modern differences and transformation of patriotism. Only in this way can we better carry out patriotism education and bring into play the cohesive role and core role of patriotism in the national spirit. This article elaborates on this issue from the perspective of a unified multinational nation and national heroes, the ancient loyalty and filial piety to the dynasties, the state relations, historical narration and national memory.