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在一个连续进行了 ８年Ｎ肥定位试验的酸樱桃园，调查了每年施用 Ｎ６０ ｋｇ· ｈｍ~(－２)和行间生草制对土壤营养状况的影响。结果表明：在肥沃土壤里ＮＨ_４~＋是速效Ｎ的主要存在形式，而ＮＯ_３~－的含量很低。生草地土壤中含有较多的 ＮＨ_４~－，而清耕带土壤中含有较多的 ＮＯ_３~－。施肥增加土壤速效 Ｎ的含量。土壤 ＮＯ_３~－的季节性变化表明 ５至 ６月份土壤中 ＮＯ_３~－的含量高，而花前和 ７月份土壤中 ＮＯ_３~－含量低。 Ｐ、Ｋ在清耕带 １０ ｃｍ以下土壤的含量低于生草地土壤，但在 ０～ １０ｃｍ土层中Ｋ的含量高于生草地。Ｐ的含量不受影响。施Ｎ减少了土壤Ｐ、Ｋ的含量。土壤中Ｍｇ的含量分布均匀，不受施Ｎ和地面管理制度的影响。
The effect of N60 kg · hm -2 and intercropping of annual grassland on soil nutrient status was investigated in a sour cherry orchard that has been continuously fertilized for 8 years. The results showed that NH 4 + in fertile soil was the main form of available N, while NO 3 - was low. The grassland soil contains more NH_4 ~ -, while the soil with clear farming contains more NO_3 ~ -. Fertilization increases soil available N content. The seasonal changes of soil NO 3 - showed that NO 3 - in soil from May to June was high, while the content of NO 3 - in the soil was low in July and July. The contents of P and K in the soil under 10 cm in the plowing zone were lower than those in the grassland, but the content of K in the 0 ~ 10cm soil layer was higher than that in the grassland. P content is not affected. Application of N reduced soil P, K content. The content of Mg in the soil is evenly distributed, not affected by the application of N and surface management system.