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百年来,人们对语言的形成进行了广泛研究,认为语言在大脑皮层上有特殊定位,因而形成了“单侧优势”观点。近十年来,Sperry等的研究证实大脑两半球是高度专门化的各有分工的结构,且证明许多人类较高级功能集中在右侧半球,从而突破了“优势半球”观点。本文将从语言的形成,语言中枢的定位,各类失语与优势半球观点的提出,左右两半球在形态构造上的不对称和大脑两半球在机能上的分工与互补等几方面加以综述。一、语言形成的解剖生理学基础:据近年研究成果,按语言个体产生过程,将分三阶段:1.语言感受阶段:首先是听
For centuries, people conducted extensive research on the formation of language and believed that language has a special position in the cerebral cortex, thus forming the viewpoint of “unilateral advantage.” For nearly a decade, studies by Sperry et al. Have confirmed that the two hemispheres of the brain are highly specialized structures that have a division of labor and that many of the more advanced functions of humans are concentrated in the right hemisphere, breaking the “dominant hemisphere” view. This article reviews the formation of language, the orientation of language center, various kinds of aphasia and the dominant hemispheres, as well as the structural asymmetry of the left and right hemispheres and the functional division and complementarity of the two hemispheres. First, the formation of anatomical and linguistic foundation of language: According to recent research results, according to individual language production process, will be divided into three phases: 1. Language perception stage: the first is to listen