文徵明的竹石幽兰题材画被认为继承了赵孟頫以来的文人墨戏画法脉,体现了“以书为画”的理念,但大多数传世作品以飞舞的兰花长叶和干笔飞白画石为特征,用笔飞扬浮滑,不可能是文氏亲笔所画。比较可靠的只是少量的应酬小品,画风沉静秀雅,石法全学沈周。与之相应的是,关于文徵明画兰的原始文献很少,却随着时间流逝而层累递增,并在晚清形成“文兰”一说。首要的作伪嫌疑人是文徵明的书法弟子周天球,很可能是他最早形成了兰石飞扬的风格面貌,并在早年以文氏伪款行世。周天球属于以文艺谋生的晚明下层文人。下层文人的谋生需求与文徵明本人的纵容态度,共同推动了文徵明的伪作风行。后续的作伪者除了苏州本地画家,可能还有明末清初的武林派画家、清代的扬州画家。兰花长叶与飞白画石两种技法的成熟与结合,实为吴门派后期画家陈淳、文嘉、王穀祥、周天球等人递相探索的结果。其艺术渊源包括浙派与方外绘画,后者可能启示周天球尝试了特殊的工具。从这个角度看,可以说是吴门后期画家将元代出现的“以书为画”实践推上了高峰。 Wenzheng Ming’s bamboo and orchids theme painting is considered to have inherited the literati ink and brush art since the Zhao Mengfu style and embodied the idea of ​​“taking painting as the book.” However, most of the works handed down by the dancing orchids and dried pencils Flying white painted stone for the character, flying with a pen float, it is impossible Wenzai autographed. More reliable is only a small amount of entertainment Pieces, style quiet and elegant, all Shen Shushi. Correspondingly, there are few original literatures about Wen Zheng-ming’s painter, but they gradually accumulate over time and form a “Wen Lan” in the late Qing Dynasty. The foremost pseudo-suspect was Wen Zhengming’s calligraphy disciple Zhou Tianqiu. It is probable that he first formed the style of Lan Shih-fei’s feudal style. Zhou Tian-ball belongs to literary and artistic creation of the lower literati of the late Ming Dynasty. The need of lower-level literati to earn a living and Wen Zheng-ming’s indulgent attitude jointly promote Wen Zhengming’s pseudo-style. Follow-up pseudo-practitioners in addition to local artists in Suzhou, there may be the Ming and Qing martial artists, Yangzhou painters in the Qing Dynasty. The orchids and orchids are two kinds of techniques of maturity and combination, in fact, Wu martial artists Chen Chun, Wen Jia, Wang Gu Xiang, Zhou Tianqiu et al. Its artistic origins include paintings from Zhejiang School and Fang Fang School, which may suggest that Zhou Tianqiu tried special tools. From this point of view, it can be said that post-Wu painters pushed the peak of the book-painting practice in the Yuan Dynasty.