历史是自然和人类社会发展运动的过程。离开了时间,就无所谓历史。恩格斯在《反杜林论》中指出:“一切存在的基本形式是空间和时间,时间以外的存在和空间以外的存在,同样是非常荒诞的事情。”①列宁也说:“马克思的方法首先是考虑具体时间具体环境里的历史过程的客观内容。”②广义说来,任何学科都有自己的年代学,特别象天文学、地质学、人类学、考古学等,历史科学是同年代学关系最密切的学科之 History is the process of nature and the development of human society. Leave the time, it does not matter the history. Engels pointed out in Anti-Duhring: “The basic form of all existence is space and time, the existence beyond time and the existence beyond space.” It is also absurd that Lenin also said: “Marx’s method first Is an objective consideration of the historical process in a concrete time-specific environment. ”② Broadly speaking, any discipline has its own chronology, especially astronomy, geology, anthropology, archeology, etc. Close discipline