多伊奇,史密斯等人是美国的心理学家和行为科学家。他们对团体的内聚力和士气作过大量的研究,并提出了一些理论。团体内聚力指团体对其成员的吸引程度,既包括团体对每一成员的吸引程度,又包括团体成员相互之间的吸引程度。当这些吸引程度达到一定的强度,而且团体成员资格具有一定的价值时,这个团体就是内聚力强的团体。内聚力可用团体成员的下列态度来说明:对团体忠诚,对团体的工作有责任感,对外来攻击进 Doich, Smith and others are American psychologists and behavior scientists. They have done a lot of research on the cohesion and morale of the group and put forward some theories. Group cohesion refers to the degree of attraction of the group to its members, including both the degree of attraction of the group to each member and the degree of attraction of the group members to each other. When these degrees of attraction reach a certain level of intensity and the membership of the group has a certain value, the group is a cohesive group. Cohesion can be illustrated by the following attitudes of group members: loyalty to the group, responsibility for the work of the group, and foreign attack