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目的探讨当归多糖(angelica polysaccharides,APS)对染铅大鼠海马不同亚区一氧化氮合酶(NOS)阳性神经细胞变化的拮抗作用。方法采用反映学习记忆功能的Y-迷宫法测试大鼠神经行为的改变;用NADPH-黄递酶(NADPH-d)组织化学法研究大鼠海马不同亚区NOS的活性神经细胞变化。结果染铅组大鼠的学习记忆能力(58.37±12.49)比APS组(37.82±10.61)和对照组(34.26士9.53)明显降低(P<0.05),APS组与对照组之间无差异;组织化学实验结果显示,染铅组大鼠海马CA1区和齿状回的NOS阳性神经细胞数目(38.35±10.22和37.36±12.84)明显少于APS组(56.83±14.26和56.43±10.59)和对照组(59.42士11.48和58.29士9.55)的神经细胞数目(P<0.05),在CA3区无差别,APS组与对照组各亚区均无差异。结论铅可损伤大鼠学习记忆能力,其机制与染铅后海马各区NOS活力的不同变化有关,APS对铅引起的学习记忆损伤和NOS活力的变化有拮抗作用。
Objective To investigate the antagonism of angelica polysaccharides (APS) on the changes of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) positive neurons in different subregions of hippocampus of lead-exposed rats. Methods The neurobehavioral changes of rats were tested by Y-maze method, which reflect the function of learning and memory. NADPH-d histochemical method was used to study the changes of NOS activity in hippocampal subfields of rats. Results Compared with APS group (37.82 ± 10.61) and control group (34.26 ± 9.53), the learning and memory abilities of the lead-exposed rats (58.37 ± 12.49) were significantly lower than those of the control group (P <0.05) The results of chemical experiments showed that the number of NOS positive neurons in hippocampal CA1 area and dentate gyrus of lead-exposed rats was significantly lower than that of APS (56.83 ± 14.26 and 56.43 ± 10.59) and control groups (38.35 ± 10.22 and 37.36 ± 12.84) 59.42 ± 11.48, and 58.29 ± 9.55) (P <0.05). There was no difference in CA3 area between the APS group and the control group. Conclusion Lead can impair the learning and memory abilities of rats, and its mechanism is related to the different changes of NOS activity in hippocampus after lead exposure. APS antagonizes lead-induced learning and memory impairment and changes of NOS activity.