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几十年来,对轴针式喷油嘴的结构从未做过任何大的变动。其主要特征,一是设有压力室,二是设有节流段。本文作者从改善柴油机性能出发,对传统轴针式喷油嘴进行了分析,做了些改动,设计出一种新型轴针式喷油嘴,它填充了压力室,取消了节流段。计算和试验表明,与传统轴针式喷油嘴相比,新型喷油嘴流动损失小,喷油速率大、喷油持续期短,并且可与无减载容积的出油阀配合使用。新型喷油嘴可降低燃油消耗率2.7～6.89g/(kW·h),对降低爆发压力也有较明显的效果。
For decades, there has never been any major change in the construction of a pin-type nozzle. Its main features, one is equipped with pressure chamber, the second is throttling section. Based on the improvement of diesel engine performance, the author analyzed the traditional axial pin injector and made some changes to design a new type of axial injector that filled the pressure chamber and eliminated the throttling section. Computation and tests show that the new nozzle has less flow loss, larger injection rate and shorter injection duration compared to conventional axial-type nozzles, and can be used with an outlet valve without any load capacity. The new nozzle can reduce the fuel consumption rate of 2.7 ~ 6.89g / (kW · h), to reduce the outbreak pressure also have obvious effects.