等级孔分子筛是一类具有两种或多种以特定形式排布的孔结构的分子筛材料.多层等级的孔结构使得分子筛孔道内的分子扩散得到显著改善,进而提升了其在吸附和非均相催化等领域的应用性能.等级孔分子筛的制备策略通常有两种,即“自上而下”后处理法(如对母样分子筛进行脱铝、脱硅产生介孔)和“自下而上”合成法(如软模板、硬模板法).本文主要对近20年来等级孔分子筛的合成方法进行了梳理,并着重介绍了具有较高应用潜力的“自上而下”制备法.鉴于合成等级孔分子筛的主要目的是提高分子的晶内扩散,对近年来客体分子在等级孔分子筛内扩散的实验研究也进行了简要综述.此外,本文还综合评述了等级孔分子筛与传统分子筛在催化应用中的对比,以展示前者在提升催化性能方面(如活性、选择性等)的独特优势.“,”Hierarchical zeolites refer to zeolitic materials having bi-/multi-modal interconnective pores arranged in order of certain ranks,which improve the molecular diffusion within their frameworks,and hence the performance in their applications such as adsorption and heterogeneous catalysis. Hierarchical zeolites are commonly produced via the top-down post-synthetic treatments(such as dealumination and/or desilication)of pre-synthesized zeolites(i. e. the parent zeolites)and the bottom-up synthesis-by-design methods(such as soft/hard templating). This review presents the recent advances(mainly post 2000)in the strategies of making hier-archical zeolites,with the emphasis on the top-down approaches due to their relatively high practicality. Since hierarchical zeolites are proposed to improve intracrystalline diffusion,experimental studies of guest molecules diffusion in hierarchical zeolites are also reviewed. Additionally,catalytic applications of hierarchical zeolites, in comparison with the conventional microporous pristine zeolites,are also commented to highlight the advan-tages of hierarchical zeolites to improve catalysis.