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以祁连山中段地区主要土壤类型(棕钙土、灰褐土、栗钙土、高山草甸土)为对象,研究了不同土壤剖面上有机碳、全氮、铵态氮和硝态氮含量的分布规律.结果表明:在祁连山中段地区,随剖面深度增加,不同土壤类型的有机碳、全氮、铵态氮和硝态氮含量均逐渐降低,且其有机碳、氮素的累积和分解存在差异.其中,有机碳含量的全剖面平均值在14.01～41.17g.kg-1,大小顺序为灰褐土>高山草甸土>栗钙土>棕钙土;全氮含量在1.28～2.73 g.kg-1,为高山草甸土>灰褐土>栗钙土>棕钙土;铵态氮含量在5.80～8.40 mg.kg-1,为棕钙土>高山草甸土>栗钙土>灰褐土;硝态氮含量在6.57～15.11 mg.kg-1,为栗钙土>高山草甸土>棕钙土>灰褐土;土壤C/N在11.33～19.22,为灰褐土>栗钙土>高山草甸土>棕钙土;硝铵比在1.00～2.69,为灰褐土>栗钙土>高山草甸土>棕钙土.在不同的气候、植被和地形(坡位、坡向等)条件下,同一土壤类型的有机碳和氮素含量有很大差别.土壤有机碳、全氮和铵态氮含量之间存在极显著正相关,而这三者与硝态氮之间相关性不显著.土壤速效钾含量与铵态氮、硝态氮呈极显著正相关,速效磷含量与土壤有机碳、全氮和铵态氮呈极显著、显著正相关,而pH值、全钾、全磷含量与有机碳和氮素之间无明显相关性.
The distribution of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in different soil profiles was studied with the main types of soil (calcareous soil, gray soil, chestnut soil, alpine meadow soil) in the middle Qilian Mountains The results showed that the contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in different soil types decreased gradually with the increase of profile depth in the middle Qilian Mountains, and the accumulation and decomposition of organic carbon and nitrogen were different , With the average total organic carbon content ranging from 14.01 to 41.17g.kg-1, with the order of gray-brown soil> alpine meadow soil> chestnut soil> brown soil, and the total nitrogen content was 1.28-2.73 g. kg-1 for the alpine meadow soil> gray-cinnamon soil> chestnut soil> calcareous soil; ammonium nitrogen content was 5.80-8.40 mg.kg-1, which was calcareous soil> alpine meadow soil> chestnut soil> Gray-brown soil; nitrate nitrogen content of 6.57 ~ 15.11 mg.kg-1, for the chestnut soil> alpine meadow soil> brown earth> gray soil; soil C / N ranged from 11.33 to 19.22, Chestnut soil> alpine meadow soil> brown soil soil; ammonium nitrate ratio is 1.00 ~ 2.69, which is gray-brown soil> chestnut soil> alpine meadow soil> brown soil.At different climate, vegetation and topography , Aspect, etc.) conditions, Soil organic carbon and nitrogen content are very different. There is a significant positive correlation between soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen content, and the three is not significant correlation with nitrate nitrogen soil There was a significant positive correlation between available potassium content and ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. The content of available phosphorus was significantly and positively correlated with soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen, while the contents of total phosphorus, potassium, There was no significant correlation between organic carbon and nitrogen.