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视网膜母细胞瘤(以下简称RB)是婴幼儿中最常见的眼内恶性肿瘤,死亡率很高。近代医疗技术水平的提高,使病死率已大大下降,患儿得以长期存活过生育年龄。但近年发病率有逐年上升趋势。北欧由30年代的1/34,000新生儿上升到1/15,000,日本自1945—1957年的1/23,829也上升到1/16,391,国内青岛市为1/21,000(1979)。在我们日常临床工作中,此病并非少见,为住院眼科总人数的1.0～1.7%,占眼部肿瘤的三分之一,眼内肿瘤95%以上。本病恶性度高,病变发展快,不治都在短期内死亡。故如何早期发现,正确诊断,极为重要。今就临床角度谈谈关于RB的猫眼和白瞳问题及其诊断、鉴别、治疗与予后。
Retinoblastoma (hereinafter referred to as RB) is the most common intraocular malignancy in infants and young children with high mortality. The improvement of medical technology in modern times, the mortality rate has dropped significantly, children have long-term survival of childbearing age. However, the incidence in recent years has been increasing year by year. Scandinavia rose to 1 in 15,000 from 1 in 34,000 in the 1930s and 1 in 16,391 in Japan from 1923 to 1929 and 1 in 21,000 in Qingdao in 1979. In our daily clinical work, the disease is not uncommon, accounting for 1.0 to 1.7% of the total number of hospital ophthalmology, accounting for one third of ocular tumors, 95% of intraocular tumors. The high degree of malignancy of the disease, the rapid development of disease, all died in the short term. Therefore, early detection, correct diagnosis, is extremely important. Today on the clinical point of view on the RB’s cat’s eye and white pupil problems and their diagnosis, identification, treatment and prognosis.