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[目的]了解贫困医学新生心理健康状况及人格特点,为有效进行心理健康教育提供参考依据。[方法]采用SCL-90症状自评量表和明尼苏达多相人格测验(MMPI),对入校的527名贫困医学生和782名非贫困医学新生进行调查分析。[结果]贫困医学新生SCL-90的强迫症状、人际敏感和抑郁因子得分均显著高于非贫困医学新生;除躯体化外,贫困医学新生SCL-90的其余因子分均显著高于全国常模。贫困医学新生MMPI的D、Pd、Ma和Si因子的得分均显著高于非贫困医学新生;Hs、Hy、Pd、Mf、Pt、Ma、Si因子得分均显著高于全国常模。[结论]贫困医学新生在入学时就存在心理问题且存在个性的偏异,我校应加强对贫困医学新生的心理健康教育,健全人格,提升心理素质。
[Objective] To understand mental health status and personality characteristics of impoverished medical freshmen and provide reference for effective mental health education. [Methods] Using SCL-90 Symptom Checklist 90 and Minnesota Polymorphism (MMPI) test, 527 poor medical students and 782 non-poor medical freshmen were enrolled in the study. [Results] The score of obsessive-compulsive symptom, interpersonal sensitivity and depression factor of poor medical freshmen SCL-90 were significantly higher than that of non-poor medical freshmen. Except for somatization, the remaining factors of SCL-90 in poor medical freshmen were significantly higher than those of national norm . The scores of D, Pd, Ma and Si of MMPI in poor new medical students were significantly higher than those of non-poor medical new students. The scores of Hs, Hy, Pd, Mf, Pt, Ma and Si were all significantly higher than those of national norm. [Conclusion] Poverty medical freshmen have psychological problems and personality deviation when they enter the school. Our school should strengthen mental health education for poor medical students, improve personality and improve psychological quality.