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本文用纸色层法分离铀、钍、稀土等元素,用国产色层纸(23×13厘米),用上行法进行条件试验。试验结果表明,试液以硝酸介质,用丁酮-甲基异丁基酮-硝酸-水(45∶45∶5∶5(体积比))作展开剂,分离铀、钍、钪和稀土元素结果良好,Rf值分别为:铀(近于1),钍(0.5),钪(0.16),稀土(0)。温度10—30℃,展开时间2—3小时,铀,钍,稀土元素Rf值变化不大。从20毫克稀土元素中定量分离微克量钍和铀;从4毫克钍中定量分离微克量稀土元素和铀;从10毫克铀中定量分离微克量钍及稀土。解决了铀、钍和稀土元素中大量元素分离微量元素的问题。将分离后的铀、钍、稀土元素色带剪下,视其含量用容量法或比色法测定,相对误差5％左右。拟订了细晶石、褐钇钶矿、黄绿石、黑稀金矿等稀有元素矿物系统全分析中的铀、钍和稀土元素的测定方法。经几年的生产实践和大批样品的分析,结果甚佳。从而简化了稀有元素矿物全分析中铀、钍和稀土元素的分离和测定手续,提高了测定它们的准确度,并缩短分析时间,降低成本。
In this paper, the separation of uranium, thorium, rare earth and other elements by the paper color layer method, with the domestic color paper (23 × 13 cm), the upward method for conditional testing. The test results show that the test solution is separated from uranium, thorium, scandium and rare earth elements by a nitric acid medium with butanone-methyl isobutyl ketone-nitric acid-water (45:45:5:5 by volume) The results are good with Rf values of uranium (nearly 1), thorium (0.5), scandium (0.16) and rare earth (0). Rf values of uranium, thorium and rare earth elements have little change when the temperature is 10-30 ℃ and the expansion time is 2-3 hours. Quantitative separation of micrograms of thorium and uranium from 20 mg of rare earth elements; Quantitative separation of micrograms of rare earth elements and uranium from 4 mg of thorium; Quantitative separation of micrograms of thorium and rare earth from 10 mg of uranium. Solve the uranium, thorium and rare earth elements in the separation of trace elements. The separation of uranium, thorium, rare earth ribbon cut, depending on its content by volume or colorimetric determination, the relative error of about 5%. The method for the determination of uranium, thorium and rare earth elements in the full analysis of rare element mineral systems such as fine spar, brown yttrium mine, yellow green stone and black thin gold mine was formulated. After several years of production practice and analysis of a large number of samples, the result is very good. This simplifies the procedures for the separation and determination of uranium, thorium and rare earth elements in the total elemental analysis of rare elements, improves the accuracy of their determination, shortens the analysis time and reduces costs.