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在考虑气体可压缩性的基础上,建立了地下式水电站调压室交通洞过渡过程中的气体运动数学模型,依据气体管道瞬变流的特征线法,提出了风速模拟的方法并编制了完整的模拟程序,通过与试验结果的对比验证了所提求解方法与模拟程序的适用性与合理性。然后分析了交通洞的体型(长度、断面积、倾角)对风速发展、分布及波动过程的影响,并从波动叠加的角度揭示了各因素的作用机理。结果表明:对于地下式水电站调压室交通洞在过渡过程中的风速的模拟,考虑气体可压缩性是必要的。交通洞断面的风速波动过程由低频质量波(基波)与高频弹性波(谐波)叠加而成。通气洞长度影响谐波的振幅和周期、断面积影响基波和谐波的振幅、倾角则仅影响谐波的振幅。
Based on the gas compressibility, the mathematical model of gas movement in the transitional process of the tunnel of underground hydropower station is set up. Based on the characteristic line method of gas pipeline transient flow, a method of wind speed simulation is proposed and a complete The simulation program is compared with the experimental results to verify the applicability and rationality of the proposed method and simulation program. Then the influence of traffic volume (length, cross-sectional area and dip angle) on the development, distribution and fluctuation of wind speed is analyzed, and the mechanism of each factor is revealed from the perspective of fluctuation superimposition. The results show that it is necessary to consider the compressibility of the gas for the simulation of the wind speed of the transit tunnel in the surge chamber of an underground hydropower station. The wind speed fluctuation of traffic tunnel cross section is formed by superposition of low frequency mass wave (fundamental wave) and high frequency elastic wave (harmonic wave). The length of the vent hole affects the amplitude and period of the harmonic wave, and the cross-sectional area affects the amplitudes of the fundamental wave and the harmonic wave. The dip angle affects only the amplitude of the harmonic wave.