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目的:分析2015年医院病原菌的分布特点及其耐药现状,为预防感染及合理使用抗菌药物提供参考。方法:监测和分析全院2 518株病原菌的流行病学及其耐药性,细菌鉴定采用ATB Expression细菌鉴定系统,药敏试验采用纸片扩散法(K-B法),采用WHONET 5.6版软件进行耐药性分析。结果:2 518株分离菌株中,革兰阴性菌1 732株占68.78%;革兰阳性菌642株占25.50%;真菌141株占5.60%;厌氧菌3株占0.12%;分离出病原菌最多的标本为痰液标本,检出细菌1 118株占44.40%,其次为中段尿液670株占26.61%、创面275株占10.92%;对分离到的病原菌进行了耐药性分析,其对氨苄西林的耐药率为最高(83.7%),其次为红霉素和青霉素G,分别为73.7%和64.5%。结论:全院病原菌散在分布,部分菌株耐药率较高,应建立细菌预警机制,规范抗菌药物的使用。
Objective: To analyze the distribution characteristics and drug resistance status of pathogenic bacteria in hospitals in 2015 and provide reference for preventing infection and rational use of antibacterial drugs. Methods: The epidemiology and drug resistance of 2 518 strains of pathogenic bacteria in the hospital were monitored and analyzed. ATB Expression was used to identify bacteria. Susceptibility test was performed by disk diffusion method (KB method) and WHONET 5.6 software Pharmacological analysis. Results: Among 2 518 isolates, 1 732 strains of Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 68.78%, 642 strains of Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 25.50%, 141 strains accounted for 5.60%, 3 strains of anaerobic bacteria accounted for 0.12% Of the specimens were sputum specimens, accounting for 44.40% of bacterial strains of 118, followed by the middle of the 670 strains of urine accounted for 26.61%, 275 wounds accounted for 10.92%; isolated from the pathogenic bacteria were drug resistance analysis of the ammonia Xilin was the highest (83.7%), followed by erythromycin and penicillin G, 73.7% and 64.5% respectively. Conclusion: There are scattered pathogens in the hospital and some strains have a high rate of drug resistance. Early warning mechanisms of bacteria should be established to standardize the use of antibacterials.