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Taxol(紫杉醇)是从北美洲一种紫杉树的树皮中提取的复合物,结构复杂,具细胞毒性。Taxol能提高微管的聚合性并使之稳定以对抗去聚合作用。在细胞中Taxol可导致微管束的形成,并贯穿整个细胞分裂周期,从而抑制了细胞分裂过程中所必需的微管网的重新排列。 自1983年起开始了Taxol临床应用第一期试验,发现其毒性主要表现在骨髓抑制,尤其是中性粒细胞减少,其程度与Taxol的剂量相关。其次尚有过敏反应、周围神经症、心律失常、肌痛、关节痛、全秃,恶心呕吐等。预先用地塞米松、苯海拉明、雷尼替丁、西米替丁等药物以及延长给药时间
Taxol (Taxol) is a compound extracted from the bark of a yew tree in North America. It has a complex structure and is cytotoxic. Taxol can increase microtubule polymerization and stabilize it against depolymerization. Taxol in the cell can cause the formation of microtubule bundles and permeate the entire cell division cycle, thereby inhibiting the rearrangement of the microtubule network necessary for cell division. Since the first phase of clinical trials of Taxol began in 1983, its toxicity was mainly manifested in myelosuppression, especially neutropenia, and its degree was related to the dose of Taxol. Followed by allergic reactions, peripheral neurosis, arrhythmia, myalgia, joint pain, alopecia, nausea and vomiting. Premedication of drugs such as dexamethasone, diphenhydramine, ranitidine, cimetidine, and prolonged administration