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目的:观察天麻血管平滑肌松弛作用,明确其作用物质基础。方法:采用大鼠离体胸主动脉环灌流实验方法,对天麻血管平滑肌松弛作用进行考察,采用柱色谱法、光谱法(MS,NMR)对其活性成分进行了分离鉴定。结果:天麻能够显著抑制KCl引起的大鼠胸主动脉环收缩,从天麻乙酸乙酯提取物中分离并鉴定了5个酯溶性酚性成分(Ⅰ～Ⅴ):对羟基苯甲醛(Ⅰ)、对羟苄基甲醚(Ⅱ)、对羟基苯甲醇(Ⅲ)、4,4′-二羟基二苯基甲烷(Ⅳ)、4,4′-二羟基二苄醚(Ⅴ),明确了天麻的血管平滑肌松弛作用是这5个成分共同作用的结果。结论:天麻具有显著的血管平滑肌松弛作用,其作用主要由5个酯溶性酚性成分共同发挥。
Objective: To observe the relaxation effect of vascular smooth muscle of Gastrodia elata Blume, to clarify the role of substance basis. Methods: The isolated rat thoracic aortic rings were used to study the relaxation of vascular smooth muscle of Gastrodia elata Blume. The active components were identified by column chromatography and spectroscopy (MS, NMR). RESULTS: Gastrodia inhibited the contraction of the thoracic aorta in rats induced by KCl. Five ester - soluble phenolic compounds (Ⅰ ~ V) were isolated and identified from ethyl acetate extract of Gastrodia elata Blume: p - hydroxybenzaldehyde Hydroxybenzyl methyl ether (Ⅱ), p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (Ⅲ), 4,4’-dihydroxydiphenylmethane (Ⅳ) and 4,4’-dihydroxy dibenzyl ether (Ⅴ) The relaxation of vascular smooth muscle is the result of the combined action of these five components. CONCLUSION: Gastrodia elata marked with relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, its role mainly by the five ester-soluble phenolic components play together.