等四个助动词,在文言中均称“完了助动词”,表示动作、作用或状态的“完了”。日本语法学家,多将这四个助动词分成和两类来加以论述或比较,认为主要表示“完了”;主要表示“存续”(“存在”和“继续”)。并指出:即使主要表示“完了”的与,基本意义相同,但它们之间仍存在着细微的差异。与之间也是如此,所以掌握与与以及与之间的主 And other four auxiliary verbs, both in the classical language are said to be “aided verb”, that the action, role or status of “finished.” Japanese grammarians mainly divide and classify these four auxiliary verbs into two categories for comparison or comparison, which are mainly “expired” and mainly “subsisting” (“existence” and “continuation”). And pointed out that even though the main meaning of “finished” is the same as that of basic meaning, there are still some subtle differences between them. And so is the case, so master and with and with the Lord