巨核细胞(Megakaryocyte,MK)于1890年首次命名,被列为一类独立的骨髓细,胞,1906年Wright揭示了它产生血小板的功能。由于MK只占骨髓有核细胞的0.2—0.5%,取材比较困难,使研究受到一定限制。近年来随新方法的建立以及对血小板生理、病理的广泛研究,MK的研究也日益深入。本文综述MK形态与功能研究的新进展。一、巨核细胞研究方法的进展(一)巨核细胞分离技术MK胞体巨大,胞浆丰富,比重较轻。鼠类幼稚和成熟MK的浮力密度为1.035—1.050g/cm~3,白细胞为1.040—1.090g/cm~3,红细胞为1.095—1.100g/cm~3。利用细胞的不同比重可进行分离。Na- Megakaryocyte (MK), first named in 1890, is classified as a separate class of bone marrow cells. In 1906 Wright revealed its platelet function. As MK accounts for only 0.2-0.5% of the bone marrow-derived nucleated cells, it is difficult to draw materials, which limits the research. In recent years, with the establishment of new methods and extensive research on platelet physiology and pathology, MK research is also increasingly in-depth. This article reviews the recent advances in the study of MK morphology and function. First, the progress of megakaryocyte research methods (a) megakaryocyte isolation MK cell body is huge, rich in cytoplasm, the proportion of lighter. The buoyant density of naive and mature MK in mice is 1.035-1.050g / cm ~ 3, the white blood cells is 1.040-1.090g / cm ~ 3, the erythrocytes is 1.095-1.100g / cm ~ 3. The use of different proportion of cells can be separated. Na-