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LiNbO_3 crystal is an important material for fabricating optical waveguide. Ti-diffused LiNbO_3 waveguides have been widely used. However, the photorefractive effect limits the application range of Ti-diffused LiNbO_3 waveguides. Since 1980, when Zhong et al. found that Mg-doped LiNbO_3 showed a substantial reduction of the photorefractive effect, Tidiffused waveguides in Mg-doped LiNbO_3 substrate have been widely studied.It is found that the performance of Mg-doped LiNbO_3 waveguide is drastically improved, but the damage-resistance of LiNbO_3: Mg crystal decreases after Ti-diffusion. It reveals that the extrinsic defect structure has been changed when Mg and Ti are doped into LiNbO_3 simultaneously.In this note we study the defect structure of LiNbO_3: Mg, Ti crys-
However, the photorefractive effect limits the application range of Ti-diffused LiNbO 3 waveguides. Since 1980, when Zhong et al. Found that Mg-doped LiNbO_3 showed a substantial reduction of the photorefractive effect, Tidiffused waveguides in Mg-doped LiNbO_3 substrate has been found that the performance of Mg-doped LiNbO_3 waveguide is drastically improved, but the damage-resistance of LiNbO_3: after Ti-diffusion. It reveals that the extrinsic defect structure has been changed when Mg and Ti are doped into LiNbO_3. In this note we study the defect structure of LiNbO_3: Mg, Ti crys-