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目的掌握东营市的蚊虫种群密度情况及季节消长趋势,为进一步的蚊虫防治工作提供科学依据。方法设立1~4级蚊虫监测片区,采用勺捕法监测蚊幼虫密度,成蚊密度监测采用CO2诱蚊灯法,对采集的成蚊及幼虫进行形态学鉴定,记录环境温度、降雨量、相对湿度等气象因素。结果蚊幼虫平均密度从1~3级监测片区逐渐增高,统计学处理,彼此间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。蚊幼虫从5月份开始出现,密度逐月增高,在7-8月份达到高峰。9月份后逐月下降,10月下旬未再被监测出。各种成蚊的季节变化趋势具有一致性,即从5月开始出现,逐月升高,8月份成蚊密度达到最高,从9月份开始逐渐下降,到11月上旬消失。通过使用SPSS13.0统计学处理软件对气象条件对成蚊活动的影响可以看出,成蚊的季节消长活动主要受降雨量、温度及环境因素(如食源,竞争者)的影响,相对湿度和风速的影响较弱,蚊虫季节消长与温度和降雨量成正相关性。结论在进行大面积控蚊的同时,应该加强城区蚊虫种群密度的监测,有针对性的做好医院和居民区的灭蚊、防蚊工作。
Objective To grasp the population density of mosquitoes in Dongying City and the trend of seasonal fluctuation, providing scientific basis for further prevention and control of mosquitoes. Methods Mosquitoes were collected from 1 to 4 mosquito surveillance area. The density of mosquito larvae was monitored by scoop method. The density of adult mosquitoes was monitored by CO2 larva trap method. The collected mosquitoes and larvae were morphologically identified, and the environmental temperature, rainfall, Humidity and other weather factors. Results The mean density of mosquito larvae increased gradually from 1 to 3 levels, and there was no significant difference between them (P> 0.05). Mosquito larvae began to appear from May, increasing in density monthly, reaching a peak in July-August. The monthly decline after September was no longer monitored in late October. The trend of the seasonal changes of various adult mosquitoes is consistent, that is, it starts to appear in May and rises month by month. The density of adult mosquitoes reaches the highest in August, gradually decreases from September and disappears in early November. Through the use of statistical software SPSS13.0 on the impact of meteorological conditions on adult mosquitoes, it can be seen that the seasonal fluctuation of adult mosquitoes is mainly affected by rainfall, temperature and environmental factors (such as food sources and competitors), relative humidity The effect of wind speed is weaker. The seasonal fluctuation of mosquitoes is positively correlated with temperature and rainfall. Conclusions While carrying out large-area mosquito control, we should strengthen the monitoring of mosquito population density in urban areas and do the mosquito and mosquito prevention work in hospitals and residential areas in a targeted manner.