一篇文章的成功,固然有着多方面因素,但往往得力于词语的锤炼。清人袁枚说过:“一切诗文,总须字立纸上,不可字卧纸上,人活则立,人死则卧, 用笔亦然。”(《随园诗话》)所谓“字立纸上”,即文字须鲜活跳脱,切忌枯淡死板。历来诗文大家深谙此中三昧,于炼字刻意求工,往往一字妙用而满纸生辉。因此,当我们引导学生学习语文教材中的古今名篇时,就不可忽视炼字教学。 The success of an article, of course, has many factors, but it often comes from the exercise of words. Qing Ren Yuan Mei said: “Everything in poetry, the word must be written on paper, and the word cannot be written on paper. When people live, they die, and when they die, they use their pens.” (“Suiyuan Shihua”) So-called “words” “Standing paper”, that is, words should be fresh and profuse, should not be boring. In the past, poetry and literary works have been well-received by all three of us. We are meticulous in crafting words, and we often use the words to make words. Therefore, when we guide students in learning ancient and modern famous articles in Chinese textbooks, we must not neglect the practice of word-making.