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作为马克思主义哲学的辩证唯物主义常常受到或明或暗的指责和质疑。理由是:辩证唯物主义不能与旧唯物主义区别开来,体现不出马克思所实现的哲学变革;马克思哲学的本质特征是实践唯物主义,或者是历史唯物主义;斯大林所讲的辩证唯物主义忽视实践、轻视人,没有体现马克思主义哲学的本质特征;由于辩证唯物主义不重视实践、轻视人,而导致某些社会主义国家在实践上出现了曲折。这种指责和质疑是难以成立的。马克思的实践唯物主义或历史唯物主义都是辩证唯物主义的一种形式或形态,而不是马克思主义哲学的整体形态。辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义体系的精神实质和思维方式总的是应当坚持和继承的。问题的关键是,我们必须立足当代实践,重新认识辩证唯物主义。
As the dialectical materialism of Marxist philosophy, it is often blamed and questioned either explicitly or implicitly. The reason is that dialectical materialism can not be distinguished from the old materialism and can not reflect the philosophical change that Marx realized; the essential feature of Marxist philosophy is practical materialism or historical materialism; Stalin’s dialectical materialism neglects the practice , Despising people did not reflect the essential characteristics of Marxist philosophy; because dialectical materialism did not attach importance to practice and contempt, resulting in some twists and turns in the practice of some socialist countries. This accusation and challenge is difficult to set up. Marx’s practical materialism or historical materialism is a form or form of dialectical materialism, rather than the overall form of Marxist philosophy. The essence of the dialectical materialism and the system of historical materialism and the way of thinking in general should be adhered to and inherited. The crux of the problem is that we must re-understand dialectical materialism based on contemporary practice.