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目的分析狂犬病流行特征,为防治提供科学依据。方法收集2008年云南省昭通市狂犬病疫情资料及个案调查表,并进行统计分析。结果2008年全市狂犬病死亡病例共38例,其中犬咬伤37例,猫咬伤1例;家养犬(猫)咬伤23例(占60.53%),流浪犬咬伤15例(占39.47%)。病例暴露时间夏秋季多于冬春季。发病以农民为主,男女性别比为3.22∶1,16～49岁年龄组多发。结论昭通市狂犬病主要传染源为犬类,主要流行于农村地区,应加强全市犬类的管理和免疫以及宣传教育和暴露后预防处置工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of rabies and provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment. Methods The rabies epidemic data and case investigation questionnaire in 2008 in Zhaotong, Yunnan Province were collected and analyzed statistically. Results In 2008, there were 38 cases of rabies death in the city, including 37 cases of dog bites and 1 case of cat bites; 23 cases of cats bites (60.53%), 15 cases of stray dogs bites (39.47% ). Case exposure time in summer and autumn than in winter and spring. The incidence of peasants, male to female ratio of 3.22:1, 16 to 49 age group multiple. Conclusion The main source of infection in rabies in Zhaotong is dogs. It is mainly used in rural areas. It is necessary to strengthen the management and immunization of dogs in the city and publicity, education and post-exposure prevention and treatment.