稻粒黑粉病是杂交稻制种、不育系繁殖田中发生最普遍，危害最严重的病害。一般穗发病率70％～80％，病粒率达10％～20％，重病田病穗率超过95％，病粒率达50％以上。严重影响杂交稻种子及不育系种子的质量和产量，防治稻粒黑粉病是提高杂交稻制种和不育系繁殖产量的重要措施。 Rice powdery mildew is hybrid rice seed production, male sterile line occurs in the field most common, the most serious damage to the disease. The general incidence of spike 70% to 80%, the rate of disease particles of 10% to 20%, sick disease rate of more than 95% of disease, the disease rate of 50% or more. Seriously affecting the quality and yield of seeds and CMS lines of hybrid rice and preventing and curing rice powdery mildew is an important measure to increase the yield of hybrid rice and CMS.