本试验通过对Ａ５－５等４个水稻品种的结实率与产量等性状的关系研究，得出与结实率相关显著的是穗粒数，其次是一次技梗数、二次枝梗数和颖花现存数。而颖花分化数与结实率的关系受品种间差异的影响。影响水稻结实率的主要性状有一次枝梗数、单茎干重、分蘖成穗率及穗粒数，其中穗粒数是影响所有的品种结实率的最大直接正效应因素。在抽穗期影响结实率最大的因素是颖花现存数。 In this study, the relationship between seed setting rate and grain yield of 4 rice cultivars, such as A5-5, was studied. The results showed that grain number per spike was significant correlated with seed setting rate, followed by primary technical number, secondary branch number and existing spikelet number. The relationship between the number of spikelets and the seed setting rate was influenced by the differences among breeds. The main traits affecting rice seed setting rate were primary branch number, dry weight of single stem, panicle tillering rate and spike grain number, of which the spike grain number was the largest direct positive effect factor affecting the seed setting rate of all cultivars. The factor that has the greatest effect on seed setting at heading is the number of spikes spent.