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[目的]研究播期、密度、施氮量、施磷量、施钾量和施硼量6个主要栽培因素对甘蓝型油菜产油量的影响。[方法]利用已有的研究资料和笔者的试验研究资料进行统计分析。[结果]产油量与播期呈负相关,与密度多呈一元二次抛物线关系,与氮肥施用量和硼肥施用量呈一元二次抛物线关系、与磷、钾肥呈直线相关关系。高油份品种(44.00%以上)获得最高产油量的施氮量平均为185.18 kg/hm2,在此条件下,它们的产油量平均为1 442.60 kg/hm2,而含油率较低品种(42.00%以下)的产油量平均为1 247.84 kg/hm2,高含油率品种产油量比含油率较低品种的产油量平均高15.61%。含油率较低品种获得最高产油量时的施氮量平均为286.28 kg/hm2,在此条件下,它们的产油量平均为1 350.57 kg/hm2,而高含油率品种产油量比含油率较低品种的产油量平均高6.81%。油菜品种含油量与获得最高产油量的施氮间呈极显著负相关(-0.980 0**)。甘蓝型优质杂交油菜高油份品种高产保优栽培措中氮、磷、钾、硼肥施用量分别为187.5-195、105-120、135-150、15-22.5 kg/hm2。密度和播期根据各地栽培习惯而定,贵州油菜移栽播期9月10日-16日,密度6×104-1.05×105株/hm2。[结论]该研究明确了播期、密度和施氮量对甘蓝型油菜产油量的影响,提出高油份品种高产保优栽培措施。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the effects of six major cultural factors including sowing date, planting density, nitrogen application rate, phosphorus application rate, potassium application rate and boron application rate on oil yield of Brassica napus. [Method] Using the existing research data and the author’s experimental research data for statistical analysis. [Result] The yield of oil was negatively correlated with sowing date. It showed a one-way quadratic parabola relationship with density, a one-way quadratic parabola relationship with the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and the amount of boron fertilizer, and a linear correlation with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Under the conditions, their average oil yield was 1 442.60 kg / hm2, while those with lower oil content (44.00% and above) had the highest nitrogen yield of 185.18 kg / hm2 42.00%) produced an average of 1 247.84 kg / hm2. The oil yield of high oil content varieties was 15.61% higher than that of the lower oil content varieties. Under the conditions, their average oil yield was 1 350.57 kg / hm2, while those with high oil content were higher than those with oil The rate of yield of lower varieties averaged 6.81%. There was a significant negative correlation (-0.980 0 **) between the oil content of rapeseed cultivars and that of nitrogen fertilizer with the highest oil yield. The high-yield and high-yielding cultivars with high oil content of high quality hybrid rapeseed were 187.5-195, 105-120, 135-150 and 15-22.5 kg / hm2, respectively. Density and sowing time according to the cultivation habits of different places, Guizhou rapeseed sowing September 10-16, density 6 × 104-1.05 × 105 plants / hm2. [Conclusion] The study clarified the effects of sowing date, planting density and nitrogen application rate on yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), and put forward high-yield and high-yield cultivars with high oil content.